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Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrière de St. Vallier (November 14, 1653 – December 26, 1727) was most acknowledged for his role as Quebec’s second bishop. Born in the south eastern French city of Grenoble in 1653 (died in 1727), to a wealthy land owning family, Saint-Vallier swiftly became a community figure, as he is well known for his own founding of a hospital in St. Valier. His officious and self-dominant attitude, led him to see the New World and accept the position of Bishop in 1685 at the call of Louis XIV and Mgr de Laval, former Bishop of Quebec. Often referred to as Abbé Saint-Vallier, he retained a controversial aspect as a member of the community while being the centrefold Bishop of Quebec as he lacked the qualities of adhering the advices of his associates and those surrounding him.〔Alfred Rambaud. “La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier, Jean-Baptiste De.” Dictionary of Canadian Biography.〕 While claiming himself to be something other than a people pleaser, as Bishop and for what he believed to be necessary, he spent mass amounts of money that inadvertently left the seminary to be in a great debt upon his death in 1727. He was deeply inscribed in the Catholic reform tradition and promoted several missions throughout Canada. He was seen as a very strict leader for most of his reign. His many refusals of resignations demanded by both the King and the religious sub-authorities of New France, as well as the shadowy investigations of the presence of Jansenism in his administration and his works, led to population revolts and further struggles with different religious groups. He is undoubtedly shaded of all the positives during his 42-year reign as Bishop. These include: the founding of the Hôpital Général (1692), the edifice for the bishop (1688) and the installations of religious reformist communities in the Montreal area.〔August Gosselin. “Mgr. de Saint-Vallier et son temps”. Nos Racines/Our Roots.〕 The development of the Diocese of Quebec and Catholic faith was his utmost priority and point of interest; he was particularly sensible on the point of morality, which he believed was failing in his see. He was also greatly involved with the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris as an intermediary an expansionist during assignments regarding the new world. == Biography == Born from Jean de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier and Marie de Sayve, Jean-Baptiste was part of the La Croix family, known to be ranked among the best in Dauphiné with prestigious posts such as country noblemen, officers, magistrates and ambassadors. Jean-Baptiste's father was a Grenoble magistrate and worked for the diplomatic services and his grandfather was a lawyer and poet then a judge at the Parliament of Grenoble until the death of his wife. Besides that, the La Croixs owned a large amount of lands including the castle of Saint-Vallier in the Rhone, which previously belonged to King Henry II's mistress, Diane de Poitiers.〔 This was where most of Jean-Baptiste's childhood lay. However, little is known about him during that period besides his charitable deeds and his education at the Jesuit College in Grenoble. The La Croix children were much influenced by religion; three out of ten took on a religious post. Jean-Baptiste himself entered the seminary of Saint-Sulpice in Paris and obtained his licentiate in theology in 1672 at 19 years of age. Later in 1676, he was appointed almoner in ordinary to King Louis XIV, a promotion that can be attributed to his family's connections.〔 He was ordained priest only in 1681, after what he funded a small hospital in Saint-Vallier with his own money in 1683 and created the Chapter in 1684. His personality was noted for its austerity, his strong will and his dynamism. He was also a close friend of the bishop of Grenoble, Le Camus, and would regularly initiate visits to the hospitals, prisons and country parishes. At the court of the Sun King, he rejected the dress code and kept his religious attire. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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